Autoimmune diseases can be complex and confusing, but understanding the basics can help you a lot. Let’s have a look at some simplified explanations of autoimmune diseases, their causes, symptoms, and treatment options.

What is an Autoimmune Disease?

Autoimmune disease results when your immune system becomes overactive. In this, the immune system mistakenly targets healthy tissues, treating them as enemies. This friendly fire can damage organs and lead to a variety of symptoms.

There are over 80 known autoimmune diseases, each affecting a different part of the body. Some common examples include:

• Rheumatoid arthritis: Attacks the joints, causing pain, stiffness, and swelling.
• Lupus: Can affect multiple organs, leading to fatigue, skin rashes, and joint pain.
• Type 1 diabetes: Destroys insulin-producing cells in the pancreas, affecting blood sugar control.
• Psoriasis: Causes itchy, red, and scaly patches on the skin.

What Causes Autoimmune Diseases?

The exact cause of autoimmune diseases remains unknown. However, several factors are believed to play a role:

• Genetics: Having a family history of autoimmune disease increases your risk.
• Environmental factors: Exposure to certain toxins, viruses, or bacteria might trigger an autoimmune response.
• Immune system dysfunction: A malfunctioning immune system may mistakenly attack healthy tissues.

Symptoms of Autoimmune Disease

Symptoms of autoimmune diseases vary depending on the affected organ or system. However, some common signs include:

• Fatigue
• Pain
• Swelling
• Fever
• Skin rashes

Because these symptoms can be similar to other conditions, diagnosing an autoimmune disease can take time. General practitioners rely on blood tests, imaging tests, and physical examinations to make a diagnosis.

Treatment Options for Autoimmune Disease

There is currently no cure for autoimmune diseases. However, various treatment options can help manage symptoms and improve quality of life. These include:

• Medications: Medications can suppress the immune system, reduce inflammation, and relieve pain.
• Lifestyle changes: Maintaining a healthy weight, eating a balanced diet, and getting enough sleep can all help manage symptoms.
• Physical therapy: Physical therapy can help improve strength, flexibility, and function in affected joints or muscles.

Living with an Autoimmune Disease

Living with an autoimmune disease can be challenging, but it's important to remember you're not alone. There are many resources available to help you manage your condition and live a fulfilling life. Here are some tips:

• Educate yourself: Learn as much as you can about your specific autoimmune disease.
• Join a support group: Connecting with others who understand what you're going through can be invaluable.
• Find a healthcare team you trust: Having a doctor and other healthcare professionals you feel comfortable with is essential.
• Take care of yourself: Prioritize healthy habits like eating well, exercising regularly, and getting enough sleep.

Why Us?

Our expert internal medicine doctors at Sohana Hospital help you understand your autoimmune disease so that you can take charge of your health, manage your symptoms, and live a well-balanced life. However, Advice from a professional also matters. In case you have been diagnosed with an autoimmune disease, one of the top hospitals in Mohali; Sohana Hospital is your best option to consult a doctor.